Timeline of key events in the development of Campath
Date | Event | People | Places |
---|---|---|---|
1973 | Herman Waldmannn joins the Department of Pathology, Cambridge University. | Waldmann | Cambridge University |
1978 - 1979 | Waldmann takes a sabbatical with Cesar Milstein. | Waldmann | Laboratory of Molecular Biology |
1979 | Waldmann is joined in his work by Stephen Cobbold, Geoff Hale, Alan Munro, Don Metcalfe, Suzanne Watt and Hoang Trang. | Waldmann, Cobbold, Hale, Metcalfe. Watt, Trang | Cambridge University |
1980 | First monoclonal antibodies developed against T-cells which can also activate human complement. | Waldmann, Cobbold, Hale, Metcalfe. Watt, Trang | Cambridge University |
1980 | Waldmann gains MRC funding. | Waldmann | Cambridge University |
1982 | The first patient is treated with Campath-1M. | Waldmann, Swirsky, Hayhoe | Cambridge University |
1982 | Campath-1M is given to a patient with aplastic anaemia undergoing a bone marrow transplant | Waldmann, Hows, Gordon Smith | Hammersmith Hospital |
1983 - 1984 | Campath-1M is used in 11 leukaemia patients undergoing BMTs. | Waldmann, Slavin | Haddasah Hospital |
1983 - 1985 | Efforts turn to generating IG Campath monoclonal antibodies. | Waldmann, Hale, Cobbold | Cambridge University |
October 1983 | Publication of experiments indicating Campath-1 (alemtuzumab) monoclonal antibody activates complement and eliminate T-cells | Waldmann, Cobbold, Hale, Metcalfe. Watt, Trang | Cambridge University |
1985 | Campath-1G is tested in the first patient. | Waldmann, Hayhoe, Dyer | Cambridge University |
1985 | Campath-1G is explored on a small scale for the management of organ transplants by Roy Calne, a British transplant surgeon based at Addenbrooke's hospital | Waldmann, Calne | Cambridge University |
1985 | Wellcome Biotech licenses the rights to commercially develop Campath. | Wellcome Biotech, BTG | |
1985 - 1994 | Wellcome Biotech invests GBP 50 million in Campath. | Wellcome Biotech | |
1988 | Campath-1H is created - the first clinically useful humanised monoclonal antibody. | Winter, Waldmann, Reichmann, Clark | Cambridge University, Laboratory of Molecular Biology |
1988 | Campath-1H is tested in the first human | Waldmann, Hale, Dyer, Hayhoe | Cambridge University |
November 1988 | Martin Lockwood, a clinician at Addenbrooke's Hospital, begins testing Campath-1H in patients with vasculitis. | Lockwood, Hale, Waldmann | Cambridge University |
1 Sep 1990 | The Therapeutic Antibody Centre (TAC) opens in the Regional Transfusion Centre at Addenbrooke's Hospital. | Waldmann, Hale | Cambridge University |
1991 | Campath-1H begins to be tested in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) | Isaacs, Hazleman, Hale, Waldmann | Cambridge University |
1991 | Herman Waldmann and Alastair Compston begin a collaboration to test Campath-1H for treating multiple sclerosis (MS). | Waldmann, Hale, Compston | Cambridge University |
1991 | The first MS patient is given Campath-1H | Waldmann, hale, Compston | Cambridge University |
1993 | The rights to Campath are assigned to the British Technology Group (BTG). | Waldmann | Cambridge University |
1 Jan 1994 | Waldmann moves to Oxford University. | Waldmann | Oxford University |
1994 | The TAC relocates to Oxford. | Hale, Waldmann | Oxford University |
1994 | Alasdair Coles joins Compston's team | Coles | Cambridge University |
October 1994 | Wellcome Biotech abandons development of Campath-1H. | Wellcome Biotech | |
1997 | Small scale tests launched with Campath-1H for organ transplant patients. | Waldmann, Calne, Friend | Cambridge University |
1997 | LeukoSite enters a manufacturing agreement for Campath-1H with Boehringer Ingelheim. | Leukosite, Boehringer Ingelheim | |
April 1997 | Christopher Mirabelli, Chief Executive Officer of LeukoSite, agrees to take over the commercial development of Campath-1H. | Mirabelli | LeukoSite |
May 1997 | LeukoSite partners with Ilex Oncology. | LeukoSite, Ilex Oncology | |
1 Aug 1997 | Leukosite makes its first initial public offering. | Leukosite | |
1998 | Analysis of 29 MS patients given MS indicate Campath-1H might be more effective if given earlier in the course of the disease. | Compston, Coles, Waldmann, Hale | Cambridge University |
1 Apr 1998 | Leukosite and Ilex Oncology launch their first joint clinical trial of Campath-1H. | Leukosite, Ilex Oncology | |
1 Jun 1999 | Results collected from 93 patients indicates Campath-1H to be a promising treatment for B-CLL. | LeukoSite, Ilex Oncology | |
August 1999 | LeukoSite and Ilex Oncology partner with Schering AG. | Leukosite, Ilex Oncology, Schering AG | |
1 Dec 1999 | Millennium Pharmaceuticals acquires LeukoSite. | Millennium Pharmaceuticals, Leukosite | |
1 Dec 1999 | Regulatory approval is sought for Campath-1H for the treatment of B-CLL. | Millennium Pharmaceuticals, Ilex Oncology | |
2001 - 2004 | Trial to establish efficacy of Campath-1H as first-line treatment for B-CLL. | Genzyme | |
1 May 2001 | FDA approved Campath-1H | ||
1 Jul 2001 | European approval granted for Campath-1H | ||
2002 | Results from 58 MS patients indicate Campath-1H more effective in those who are less advanced in their disease. | Compston, Coles | Cambridge University |
2002 | Ilex Oncology agrees to raise funds to sponsor clinical trials for Campath-1H in MS patients. | Compston, Buchalter | Ilex Oncology, Cambridge University |
2002 - 2004 | Phase II trial tests Campath-1H for relapsing-remitting MS. | Compston, Coles | Cambridge University, Ilex Oncology |
1 Apr 2004 | Genzyme acquires Ilex Oncology. | Genzyme, Ilex Oncology | |
2006 | Schering AG merges with Bayer | Bayer, Schering AG | |
2007 - 2011 | Two phase III randomised control trials conducted with Campath-1H in patients with early MS | Compston, Coles | Cambridge University, Ilex Oncology, Genzyme |
September 2007 | FDA approved Campath-1H as first-line treatment for B-CLL | ||
December 2007 | Campath-1H granted European regulatory approval as first-line treatment for B-CLL. | ||
2009 | Genzyme buys rights to Campath-1H. | Bayer Schering Pharma, Genzyme | |
2011 | Positive results from trials using Campath-1H for organ transplant patients | Waldmann, Calne | Cambridge University |
September 2013 | Campath-1H gains marketing approval for the treatment of MS. | Waldmann, Compston, Coles | Cambridge University |
17 Sep 2013 | European Commission approved Alemtuzumab (Lemtrada) for MS treatment | Compston, Coles, Waldmann | Cambridge University, Sanofi |
December 2013 | FDA rejected approval of Lembrada for MS treatment | Sanofi | |
25 Nov 2014 | FDA approved alemtuzumab for relapsing MS who failed to respond to alternative treatments | Waldmann, Compston | Addenbrookes Hospital, Sanofi |
1973
Herman Waldmannn joins the Department of Pathology, Cambridge University.
1978 - 1979
Waldmann takes a sabbatical with Cesar Milstein.
1979
Waldmann is joined in his work by Stephen Cobbold, Geoff Hale, Alan Munro, Don Metcalfe, Suzanne Watt and Hoang Trang.
1980
First monoclonal antibodies developed against T-cells which can also activate human complement.
1980
Waldmann gains MRC funding.
1982
The first patient is treated with Campath-1M.
1982
Campath-1M is given to a patient with aplastic anaemia undergoing a bone marrow transplant
1983 - 1984
Campath-1M is used in 11 leukaemia patients undergoing BMTs.
1983 - 1985
Efforts turn to generating IG Campath monoclonal antibodies.
Oct 1983
Publication of experiments indicating Campath-1 (alemtuzumab) monoclonal antibody activates complement and eliminate T-cells
1985
Campath-1G is tested in the first patient.
1985
Campath-1G is explored on a small scale for the management of organ transplants by Roy Calne, a British transplant surgeon based at Addenbrooke's hospital
1985
Wellcome Biotech licenses the rights to commercially develop Campath.
1985 - 1994
Wellcome Biotech invests GBP 50 million in Campath.
1988
Campath-1H is created - the first clinically useful humanised monoclonal antibody.
1988
Campath-1H is tested in the first human
Nov 1988
Martin Lockwood, a clinician at Addenbrooke's Hospital, begins testing Campath-1H in patients with vasculitis.
Nov 1988
The Therapeutic Antibody Centre (TAC) opens in the Regional Transfusion Centre at Addenbrooke's Hospital.
1991
Campath-1H begins to be tested in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA)
1991
Herman Waldmann and Alastair Compston begin a collaboration to test Campath-1H for treating multiple sclerosis (MS).
1991
The first MS patient is given Campath-1H
1993
The rights to Campath are assigned to the British Technology Group (BTG).
1993
Waldmann moves to Oxford University.
1994
The TAC relocates to Oxford.
1994
Alasdair Coles joins Compston's team
Oct 1994
Wellcome Biotech abandons development of Campath-1H.
1997
Small scale tests launched with Campath-1H for organ transplant patients.
1997
LeukoSite enters a manufacturing agreement for Campath-1H with Boehringer Ingelheim.
Apr 1997
Christopher Mirabelli, Chief Executive Officer of LeukoSite, agrees to take over the commercial development of Campath-1H.
May 1997
LeukoSite partners with Ilex Oncology.
May 1997
Leukosite makes its first initial public offering.
1998
Analysis of 29 MS patients given MS indicate Campath-1H might be more effective if given earlier in the course of the disease.
1998
Leukosite and Ilex Oncology launch their first joint clinical trial of Campath-1H.
1998
Results collected from 93 patients indicates Campath-1H to be a promising treatment for B-CLL.
Aug 1999
LeukoSite and Ilex Oncology partner with Schering AG.
Aug 1999
Millennium Pharmaceuticals acquires LeukoSite.
Aug 1999
Regulatory approval is sought for Campath-1H for the treatment of B-CLL.
2001 - 2004
Trial to establish efficacy of Campath-1H as first-line treatment for B-CLL.
2001
FDA approved Campath-1H
2001
European approval granted for Campath-1H
2002
Results from 58 MS patients indicate Campath-1H more effective in those who are less advanced in their disease.
2002
Ilex Oncology agrees to raise funds to sponsor clinical trials for Campath-1H in MS patients.
2002 - 2004
Phase II trial tests Campath-1H for relapsing-remitting MS.
2002
Genzyme acquires Ilex Oncology.
2006
Schering AG merges with Bayer
2007 - 2011
Two phase III randomised control trials conducted with Campath-1H in patients with early MS
Sep 2007
FDA approved Campath-1H as first-line treatment for B-CLL
Dec 2007
Campath-1H granted European regulatory approval as first-line treatment for B-CLL.
2009
Genzyme buys rights to Campath-1H.
2011
Positive results from trials using Campath-1H for organ transplant patients
Sep 2013
Campath-1H gains marketing approval for the treatment of MS.
17 Sep 2013
European Commission approved Alemtuzumab (Lemtrada) for MS treatment
Dec 2013
FDA rejected approval of Lembrada for MS treatment
25 Nov 2014
FDA approved alemtuzumab for relapsing MS who failed to respond to alternative treatments
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